The Germanic term is a Germanic interpretation of Latin dies solis ("day of the sun"), which is a translation of the ancient Greek Ἥλίου ημέρα" ( Hēlíou hēméra). The English noun Sunday derived sometime before 1250 from sunedai, which itself developed from Old English (before 700) Sunnandæg (literally meaning "sun's day"), which is cognate to other Germanic languages, including Old Frisian sunnandei, Old Saxon sunnundag, Middle Dutch sonnendach (modern Dutch zondag), Old High German sunnun tag (modern German Sonntag), and Old Norse sunnudagr (Danish and Norwegian søndag, Icelandic sunnudagur and Swedish söndag). Hence, the dies Solis became Sunday (German, Sonntag). Germanic peoples seem to have adopted the week as a division of time from the Romans, but they changed the Roman names into those of corresponding Teutonic deities.
During the 1st and 2nd centuries, the week of seven days was introduced into Rome from Egypt, and the Roman names of the planets were given to each successive day. The name "Sunday", the day of the Sun, is derived from Hellenistic astrology, where the seven planets, known in English as Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, the Sun, Venus, Mercury and the Moon, each had an hour of the day assigned to them, and the planet which was regent during the first hour of any day of the week gave its name to that day. In the Judaic and Christian tradition, Sunday is considered the first day of the week.Įtymology A depiction of Máni, the personified Moon, and his sister Sól, the personified Sun, from Norse mythology (1895) by Lorenz Frølich.
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The International Organization for Standardization’s ISO 8601 standard recognizes Sunday as the seventh day of the week.
For most observant adherents of Christianity, Sunday is observed as the Lord's Day and the day of Christ's resurrection. In most Western countries, Sunday is a day of rest and a part of the weekend. Sunday is the day of the week between Saturday and Monday. Sol Iustitiae (Sun of Righteousness), derived from the Judeo-Christian Bible, Malachi 4:2.
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